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Ian James Thorpe, (born 13 October 1982) is an Australian swimmer who specialises in freestyle, but also competes in backstroke and the individual medley. He has won five Olympic gold medals, the most won by any Australian, and with three gold and two silver medals, was the most successful athlete at the 2000 Summer Olympics. At the 2001 World Aquatics Championships, he became the first person to win six gold medals in one World Championship.〔Hunter, pp. 274–275.〕 In total, Thorpe has won eleven World Championship golds, the third-highest number of any swimmer. Thorpe was the first person to have been named ''Swimming World'' Swimmer of the Year four times,〔Hunter, p. viii.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/SwimmersOfTheYear.asp )〕 and was the Australian Swimmer of the Year from 1999 to 2003. His athletic achievements made him one of Australia's most popular athletes, and he was recognised as the Young Australian of the Year in 2000.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.australianoftheyear.org.au/honour-roll/?view=fullView&year=2000&recipientID=143 )〕 At the age of 14, he became the youngest male ever to represent Australia,〔Hunter, p. 75.〕 and his victory in the 400 metre freestyle at the 1998 Perth World Championships made him the youngest ever individual male World Champion.〔Andrews, pp. 434–436, 487.〕 After that victory, Thorpe dominated the 400 m freestyle, winning the event at every Olympic, World, Commonwealth and Pan Pacific Swimming Championships until his break after the 2004 Olympics. Aside from 13 individual long-course world records, Thorpe anchored the Australian relay teams, numbering the victories in the 4 × 100 m and the 4 × 200 m freestyle relays in Sydney, among his five relay world records. His wins in the 200 m and 400 m and his bronze in the 100 m freestyle in Athens have made him the only male to have won medals in the 100–200–400 combination.〔 During this, he picked up the nickname "Thorpedo" because of his speed in swimming. After the Athens Olympics, Thorpe took a year away from swimming, scheduling a return for the 2006 Commonwealth Games. However, he was forced to withdraw due to illness. Subsequent training camps were interrupted, and he announced his retirement in November 2006, citing waning motivation. From early 2011, there was speculation about Thorpe's return to swimming, fuelled by people claiming to have seen him training. The speculations were substantiated when Thorpe spoke at a February 2011 press conference of his return to swimming after four years away, with the aim of competing in the 2012 London Olympic Games. Thorpe competed at Australia's Olympic Trials in 2012, but failed to make the team. It was subsequently announced that he was targeting qualification for the 2013 World Championships in Barcelona and later the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow but was forced to abandon his plans due to a shoulder injury. In 2014, he was presented with a Doctor of Letters from Macquarie University in recognition of his extraordinary contribution for the sport, philanthropy and Indigenous rights.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.theguardian.com/sport/2014/oct/01/ian-thorpe-honorary-doctorate-macquarie-university )〕 ==Early years== Born in Sydney, Thorpe grew up in the suburb of Milperra and hailed from a sporting family. His father Ken was a promising cricketer at junior level, representing Bankstown District Cricket Club in Sydney's district competition.〔〔Swanton, p. 17.〕 A talented batsman, he once topped the season's batting averages ahead of former Australian captain Bob Simpson. However, paternal pressure detracted from Ken's enjoyment of cricket, and he retired at the age of 26.〔Hunter, pp. 4–5.〕 Thorpe's mother Margaret played A-grade netball,〔〔Hunter, pp. 1–6.〕 but he did not inherit his parents' ball skills.〔 His elder sister Christina was advised to take up swimming to strengthen a broken wrist, so by chance, the five-year-old Thorpe followed her into the pool.〔〔〔Hunter, pp. 19, 102.〕 Due to his unhappy experiences, Ken Thorpe regarded enjoyment as the most critical aspect of his children's participation in sport.〔 A large baby, Thorpe weighed and measured in length at birth.〔Hunter, p. 9.〕 As a young child, Thorpe was sidelined by an allergy to chlorine.〔 As a result, he did not swim in his first race until a school carnival at the age of seven.〔Hunter, p. 20.〕 The allergy forced Thorpe to swim with his head out of the water; despite this ungainly technique, he won the race, primarily because of his significant size advantage.〔〔Hunter, pp. 19–22.〕〔Swanton, p. 18.〕 Thorpe gradually overcame the ailment and progressed to the captaincy of New South Wales for the Australian Primary Schools Championships in 1994.〔Hunter, p. 36.〕 He subsequently won nine individual gold medals at the New South Wales Short Course Age Championships in September of the same year.〔Hunter, pp. 36–39.〕 In 1995, Thorpe started his secondary education at East Hills Boys Technology High School〔〔Hunter, p. 44.〕 and switched coaches to swim alongside his sister under the tutelage of Doug Frost.〔 It was a busy year for the family; Christina was selected for the Australian team to compete at the 1995 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships in Atlanta.〔Hunter, p. 48.〕 Now six feet tall, Ian competed at his first Australian Age Championships, winning bronze medals in the 200 m and 400 m freestyle. He won all ten events at the New South Wales Age Championships.〔〔Talbot, pp. 302, 224–225.〕〔Hunter, pp. 46–49.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ian Thorpe」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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